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title: 3-SpringBoot快速入门

date: 2017-02-03

updated: 2017-02-03

tags:

SpringBoot
SpringBoot与微服务
SpringBoot实战与原理
Spring
快速入门

categories: SpringBoot实战与原理分析

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3-SpringBoot快速入门

3.1 SpringBoot Quik Start
- 3.1.1 SpringBootApplication源码解析
- 3.1.2 run方法源码解析
3.2 指定多个源
- 3.2.1 通过set后期设置
- 3.2.2 在构造函数中设置
3.3 Spring Boot 配置分析
3.4 动态引入配置
3.5 在不同生产环境中引入不同配置文件
- 3.5.1 使用代码方式
- 3.5.2 使用启动参数的方式

3.1 SpringBoot Quik Start

配置pom
- 继承一个父配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.clsaa.edu.spring</groupId>
    <artifactId>springboot</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <name>springboot001</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.4.1.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>


    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <!--
                <version></version>
                由于我们在上面指定了 parent(spring boot)
             -->
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

编写代码

package com.clsaa.springboot;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

/**
 * Created by Egg on 2017/2/21.
 */
@SpringBootApplication
public class App {
    @Bean
    public Runnable createRunnable(){
        return ()->{System.out.println("spring boot is running");};
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(App.class,args);
        context.getBean(Runnable.class).run();
    }

}

3.1.1 SpringBootApplication源码解析

//
// Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA
// (powered by Fernflower decompiler)
//

package org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure;

import java.lang.annotation.Documented;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Inherited;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringBootConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.context.TypeExcludeFilter;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.FilterType;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan.Filter;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.AliasFor;

@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@SpringBootConfiguration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan(
    excludeFilters = {@Filter(
    type = FilterType.CUSTOM,
    classes = {TypeExcludeFilter.class}
)}
)
public @interface SpringBootApplication {
    Class<?>[] exclude() default {};

    String[] excludeName() default {};

    @AliasFor(
        annotation = ComponentScan.class,
        attribute = "basePackages"
    )
    String[] scanBasePackages() default {};

    @AliasFor(
        annotation = ComponentScan.class,
        attribute = "basePackageClasses"
    )
    Class<?>[] scanBasePackageClasses() default {};
}

//
// Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA
// (powered by Fernflower decompiler)
//

package org.springframework.boot;

import java.lang.annotation.Documented;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Configuration
public @interface SpringBootConfiguration {
}

可以看到SpringBootApplication是一个注解的集合,其中包括
- @Target({ElementType.TYPE})
- @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
- @Documented
- @Inherited
- @SpringBootConfiguration:是继承自configuration(和configuration用法相同),表明当前类是一个配置类,因此可以在这个类中发布bean
  - @Target({ElementType.TYPE})
  - @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
  - @Documented
  - @Configuration
- @EnableAutoConfiguration:自动配置
- @ComponentScan:自动扫描(默认从当前包开始)

3.1.2 run方法源码解析

    public static ConfigurableApplicationContext run(Object[] sources, String[] args) {
        return (new SpringApplication(sources)).run(args);
    }

被传入的类会被设置为配置类
一般情况下第二个参数通常为Java主函数参数
还可以使用以下方式创建context

package com.clsaa.springboot;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

/**
 * Created by Egg on 2017/2/21.
 */
@SpringBootApplication
public class App {
    @Bean
    public Runnable createRunnable(){
        return ()->{System.out.println("spring boot is running");};
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(App.class,args);
        SpringApplication app = new SpringApplication();
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = app.run(args);
        context.getBean(Runnable.class).run();
    }

}

3.2 指定多个源

3.2.1 通过set后期设置

package com.clsaa.springboot;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 * Created by Egg on 2017/2/21.
 */
@SpringBootApplication
public class App {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication app = new SpringApplication();
        Set<Object> sets = new HashSet<>();
        sets.add(App2.class);
        app.setSources(sets);
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = app.run(args);
        context.getBean(Runnable.class).run();
    }

}

package com.clsaa.springboot;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * Created by Egg on 2017/2/21.
 */
@Component
public class App2 {
    @Bean
    public Runnable createRunnable(){
        return ()->{System.out.println("spring boot is running");};
    }
}

3.2.2 在构造函数中设置

package com.clsaa.springboot;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;



/**
 * Created by Egg on 2017/2/21.
 */
@SpringBootApplication
public class App {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication app = new SpringApplication(App2.class);
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = app.run(args);
        context.getBean(Runnable.class).run();
    }

}

3.3 Spring Boot 配置分析

springBoot默认配置文件的名字application.properties,在D:\Data\MyCode\codeMaven\learn_springboot001\src\main\resources下创建application.properties文件
默认的位置为classpath根目录或者是classpath/config目录下

3.3.1 获取配置

在application.properties中添加属性local.ip=127.0.0.1

package com.clsaa.springboot;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;



/**
 * Created by Egg on 2017/2/21.
 */
@SpringBootApplication
public class App {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication app = new SpringApplication(App.class);
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = app.run(args);
        System.out.println(context.getEnvironment().getProperty("local.ip"));
        context.getBean(Runnable.class).run();
    }
}

3.3.2. 注入Environment获取配置

方法1

package com.clsaa.springboot;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;



/**
 * Created by Egg on 2017/2/21.
 */
@SpringBootApplication
public class App {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication app = new SpringApplication(App.class);
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = app.run(args);
        context.getBean(UserConfig.class).show();
    }
}

package com.clsaa.springboot;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * Created by Egg on 2017/2/21.
 */
@Component
public class UserConfig {
    @Autowired
    private Environment env ;

    public void show(){
        System.out.println("local.ip"+env.getProperty("local.ip"));
    }
}

方法2

@Component
public class UserConfig {

    @Value("${local.port}")
    private String localPort;

    @Autowired
    private Environment env ;

    public void show(){
        System.out.println("local.ip:port"+env.getProperty("local.ip")+":"+localPort);
    }
}

可以进行自动类型转换

package com.clsaa.springboot;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class UserConfig {

    @Value("${local.port}")
    private String localPort;

    @Value("${local.port}")
    private Integer localPort2;


    @Autowired
    private Environment env ;

    public void show(){
        System.out.println("local.ip:port"+env.getProperty("local.ip")+":"+localPort2);
    }
}

3.3.3 使用properties文件的引用

name=springboot
app.name=${name}

package com.clsaa.springboot;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;

@SpringBootApplication
public class App {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication app = new SpringApplication(App.class);
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = app.run(args);
        System.out.println(context.getEnvironment().getProperty("app.name"));
        System.out.println(context.getEnvironment().getProperty("name"));
    }
}

3.3.4 获取配置默认值

    /**
     * value默认必须有配置项
     * 配置项可以为空
     * 如果没有配置项则可以加默认值
     */
    @Value("${tomcat.port:9090}")
    private Integer tomcat_port;

或使用下面重载的方法

    System.out.println(context.getEnvironment().getProperty("app.name","12"));

3.3.5 修改默认配置文件名字和目录

若改文件名为app 配置program arguments :--spring.config.name=app
若改为classpath下conf下的app.properties 则配置program arguments :--spring.config.location=classpath:conf/app.properties
若指定多个:则配置program arguments :--spring.config.location=classpath:conf/app.properties,file:/temp/xxx.properties

3.3.6 添加新的properties

package com.clsaa.springboot;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;

/**
 * Created by Egg on 2017/2/21.
 */
@Configuration
@PropertySource("classpath:jdbc.properties")
@PropertySource("file:/d:/test.properties")
//@PropertySources({@PropertySource("classpath:jdbc.properties"),@PropertySource("file:/d:/test.properties")})

public class FileConfig {

}

package com.clsaa.springboot;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * Created by Egg on 2017/2/21.
 */
@Component
public class JDBCConfig {
    @Value("${url}")
    private String url;

    public void show(){
        System.out.println("url : " + url);
    }
}

package com.clsaa.springboot;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;

@SpringBootApplication
public class App {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication app = new SpringApplication(App.class);
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = app.run(args);
        context.getBean(JDBCConfig.class).show();
    }
}

3.3.7 配置文件注入集合

ds.hosts[0]=192.168.154.112
ds.hosts[1]=192.168.154.112
ds.hosts[2]=192.168.154.112

package com.clsaa.springboot;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by Egg on 2017/2/21.
 */
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties("ds")
public class TomcatProperties {
    private List<String> hosts = new ArrayList<>();

    public List<String> getHosts() {
        return hosts;
    }

    public void setHosts(List<String> hosts) {
        this.hosts = hosts;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "TomcatProperties{" +
                "hosts=" + hosts +
                '}';
    }
}

3.4 动态引入配置

创建文件D:\Data\MyCode\codeMaven\learn_springboot001\src\main\resources\META-INF\spring.factories 内容:org.springframework.boot.env.EnvironmentPostProcessor=com.clsaa.springboot.MyEnvironmentPostProcessor

package com.clsaa.springboot;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;

@SpringBootApplication
public class App {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication app = new SpringApplication(App.class);
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = app.run(args);
        System.out.println(context.getEnvironment().getProperty("springboot.name"));
        context.close();
    }
}

package com.clsaa.springboot;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.env.EnvironmentPostProcessor;
import org.springframework.core.env.ConfigurableEnvironment;
import org.springframework.core.env.PropertiesPropertySource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Properties;


@Component
public class MyEnvironmentPostProcessor implements EnvironmentPostProcessor{
    @Override
    public void postProcessEnvironment(ConfigurableEnvironment configurableEnvironment, SpringApplication springApplication) {
        try (InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream("D:/test.properties")){
            Properties source = new Properties();
            source.load(inputStream);
            System.out.println("=============="+source.getProperty("springboot.name"));
            PropertiesPropertySource propertySource = new PropertiesPropertySource("my",source);
            configurableEnvironment.getPropertySources().addLast(propertySource);
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}

3.5 在不同生产环境中引入不同配置文件

3.5.1 使用代码方式

文件名以application-xxx.properties格式,且默认配置文件会加入其中
创建配置文件
- D:\Data\MyCode\codeMaven\learn_springboot001\src\main\resources\application.properties
- D:\Data\MyCode\codeMaven\learn_springboot001\src\main\resources\application-dev.properties
- D:\Data\MyCode\codeMaven\learn_springboot001\src\main\resources\application-test.properties
- D:\Data\MyCode\codeMaven\learn_springboot001\src\main\resources\application-x1.properties
- D:\Data\MyCode\codeMaven\learn_springboot001\src\main\resources\application_test.properties

package com.clsaa.springboot;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;

@SpringBootApplication
public class App {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication app = new SpringApplication(App.class);
        app.setAdditionalProfiles("x1");
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = app.run(args);
        System.out.println(context.getEnvironment().getProperty("name"));
        context.close();
    }
}

3.5.2 使用启动参数的方式

--spring.profile.active=test,dev(可以同时激活多个properties)
在加载某些配置文件后加载某些bean

package com.clsaa.springboot;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringBootConfiguration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Profile;

/**
 * Created by Egg on 2017/2/21.
 */
@SpringBootConfiguration
public class MyConfig {

    @Bean
    public Runnable createRunnable(){
        System.out.println("createRunnable");
        return ()->{};
    }


    @Bean
    @Profile("dev")
    public Runnable createRunnable_dev(){
        System.out.println("createRunnable_dev");
        return ()->{};
    }

    @Bean
    @Profile("test")
    public Runnable createRunnable_test(){
        System.out.println("createRunnable_test");
        return ()->{};
    }



}

SpringBoot学习笔记

3-SpringBoot快速入门

3.1 SpringBoot Quik Start

3.1.1 SpringBootApplication源码解析

3.1.2 run方法源码解析

3.2 指定多个源

3.2.1 通过set后期设置

3.2.2 在构造函数中设置

3.3 Spring Boot 配置分析

3.3.1 获取配置

3.3.2. 注入Environment获取配置

3.3.3 使用properties文件的引用

3.3.4 获取配置默认值

3.3.5 修改默认配置文件名字和目录

3.3.6 添加新的properties

3.3.7 配置文件注入集合

3.4 动态引入配置

3.5 在不同生产环境中引入不同配置文件

3.5.1 使用代码方式

3.5.2 使用启动参数的方式

《SpringBoot参考指南》中文翻译基于1.5.7 RELEASE

Spring Boot 开源电子书

前端开发者手册

JavaScript 资源大全中文版

阿里巴巴Java开发手册

人工智能知识树

SpringBoot学习笔记

3-SpringBoot快速入门

3.1 SpringBoot Quik Start

3.1.1 SpringBootApplication源码解析

3.1.2 run方法源码解析

3.2 指定多个源

3.2.1 通过set后期设置

3.2.2 在构造函数中设置

3.3 Spring Boot 配置分析

3.3.1 获取配置

3.3.2. 注入Environment获取配置

3.3.3 使用properties文件的引用

3.3.4 获取配置默认值

3.3.5 修改默认配置文件名字和目录

3.3.6 添加新的properties

3.3.7 配置文件注入集合

3.4 动态引入配置

3.5 在不同生产环境中引入不同配置文件

3.5.1 使用代码方式

3.5.2 使用启动参数的方式

《SpringBoot参考指南》中文翻译 基于1.5.7 RELEASE

Spring Boot 开源电子书

前端开发者手册

JavaScript 资源大全中文版

阿里巴巴Java开发手册

人工智能知识树

《SpringBoot参考指南》中文翻译基于1.5.7 RELEASE